Vaccination is a vital public health tool that involves administering vaccines to protect individuals from infectious diseases. Vaccines work by stimulating the immune system to recognize and fight specific pathogens, such as viruses or bacteria, without causing the disease itself. This process helps build immunity, reducing the risk of infection and its associated complications. Vaccination has been instrumental in controlling and, in some cases, eradicating diseases like polio, smallpox, and measles. It also plays a key role in preventing outbreaks and protecting vulnerable populations, including those who cannot be vaccinated due to medical conditions. Vaccination schedules are carefully designed based on scientific research to provide optimal protection from infancy through adulthood. Widespread vaccination not only safeguards individuals but also contributes to herd immunity, which helps protect entire communities. Ongoing education and outreach are essential to ensure public trust in vaccines and increase vaccination rates, ultimately reducing the burden of preventable diseases worldwide.